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Ireland was heavily involved in the Wars of the Coalition, also known as the French Revolutionary (1793–1802) and Napoleonic (1804–1815) Wars. The island, then ruled by the British, was the location of a major uprising, which was aided by the French. A minor, abortive uprising in 1803 resulted in the death of Ireland's chief justice, although this rising was not aided by the French. ==Background== Although parts of Ireland had been under English control since the twelfth century,〔()〕 the English (after 1706 British) government was in control of the entire island by 1700. By this time, several wars had occurred, including the Nine Years' War, the Cromwellian conquest, and the Williamite War (part of the larger War of the League of Augsburg). Anti-British (and anti-Protestant) sentiment was high in largely Catholic Ireland (with the exception of Protestant Ulster), despite the repeal of the restrictive Penal Laws, instituted by the Protestant government in London after the Williamite War, in which Irish rebels had turned out in support of ousted Catholic monarch James II, formerly king of England. The Penal Laws, introduced during the reign of Dutch-born king William III, prohibited Catholics from keeping arms, among other things.〔()〕 An exodus of Catholic Irish aristocrats, known as the Flight of the Wild Geese, was also a major event in 18th-century Ireland. This exodus provided nations such as France and Spain with elite units often known as Irish Brigades. Among the more well-known was that of the French Bourbon monarchy. Even after the monarchy's fall in the French Revolution, Irish-descended soldiers served successive governments. By the early 1790s, tensions in Ireland – and in continental Europe – had grown. On the Continent, the new French Republic was embroiled in wars with Britain, the Holy Roman Empire, and other states. In Ireland, many dissenters, inspired by events of the French Revolution, the United Irishmen organisation was founded, with early members including Theobald Wolfe Tone and Henry Joy McCracken. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ireland in the Wars of the Coalition」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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